advances of the http server example; built-ins for generating random numbers; built-ins for slicing, trimming and converting strings to integers

examples/http_server/cookie.noja

@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+
+fun isSeparator(char: String)
+    return char == "(" or char == ")"
+        or char == "<" or char == ">"
+        or char == "@" or char == ","
+        or char == ";" or char == ":"
+        or char == "\\" or char == '"'
+        or char == "/" or char == "?"
+        or char == "[" or char == "]"
+        or char == "=" or char == " "
+        or char == "{" or char == "}"
+        or char == "\t";
+
+fun isControl(char: String) {
+    n = string.ord(char);
+    return (n >= 0 and n <= 31) or n == 127;
+}
+
+fun isChar(char: String) 
+    return string.ord(char) < 128;
+
+fun isToken(char: String)
+    return isChar(char)
+       and not isControl(char)
+       and not isSeparator(char);
+
+fun parseToken(src: String, i: int) {
+    offset = i;
+    while i < count(src) and isToken(src[i]):
+        i = i+1;
+    length = i - offset;
+    return string.slice(src, offset, length), i;
+}
+
+fun isCookieOctet(char: String) {
+    n = string.ord(char);
+    return n == 33 
+        or (n >= 35 and n <= 43)
+        or (n >= 45 and n <= 58)
+        or (n >= 60 and n <= 91)
+        or (n >= 93 and n <= 126);
+}
+
+fun parseCookieValue(src: String, i: int) {
+    
+    dquote = false;
+    if i < count(src) and src[i] == '"': {
+        dquote = true;
+        i = i+1;
+    }
+
+    if i == count(src) or not isCookieOctet(src[i]):
+        return none, none, "Missing value";
+
+    offset = i;
+    do
+        i = i+1;
+    while i < count(src) and isCookieOctet(src[i]);
+    length = i - offset;
+
+    if dquote: {
+        if i == count(src) or src[i] != '"':
+            return none, none, "Missing closing double quote";
+        i = i+1;
+    }
+
+    return string.slice(src, offset, length), i;
+}
+
+fun parseCookiePair(src: String, i: int) {
+
+    while i < count(src) and src[i] == " ":
+        i = i+1;
+
+    name, i = parseToken(src, i);
+
+    if i == count(src) or src[i] != "=":
+        return none, none, none, "Missing \"=\" after name";
+    i = i+1; # Skip the "="
+
+    value, i, error = parseCookieValue(src, i);
+    if error != none:
+        return none, none, none, error;
+
+    while i < count(src) and src[i] == " ":
+        i = i+1;
+
+    if i < count(src) and src[i] == ";":
+        i = i+1;
+
+    return name, value, i;
+}
+
+return {
+
+    fun parseCookieHeader(src: String) {
+        cookies = {};
+        i = 0;
+        while i < count(src): {
+            name, value, i, error = parseCookiePair(src, i);
+            if error != none:
+                return none, error;
+            cookies[name] = value;
+        }
+        return cookies;
+    }
+};

examples/http_server/main.noja

@@ -1,7 +1,36 @@
 server     = import("server.noja");
 request    = import("request.noja");
 response   = import("response.noja");
+cookie     = import("cookie.noja");
+urlencoded = import("urlencoded.noja");
 Request = request.Request;
+respond = response.new;
+
+fun getCookie(req: Request, name: String) {
+	src = req.headers["Cookie"];
+	if src == none:
+		return none;
+	cookies, error = cookie.parseCookieHeader(src);
+	if error != none:
+		return none, error;
+	return cookies[name];
+}
+
+fun getSessionID(req: Request) {
+	session_id, error = getCookie(req, "SESSID");
+	if error != none:
+		return none, error;
+	session_id = string.toInt(session_id);
+	return session_id;
+}
+
+fun getUsername(req: Request) {
+	session_id, error = getSessionID(req);
+	if error != none:
+		return none, none, error;
+	username = session_table[session_id];
+	return username, session_id;
+}
 
 fun loadFile(path: String) {
 
@@ -23,77 +52,209 @@ fun loadFile(path: String) {
 
 	} while num_bytes == size;
 
-	files.close(stream);
+	#files.close(stream);
 	return text;
 }
 
-fun generateHome() {
-	title = "Homepage";
-	content = "Hello, world!";
-	return string.cat(
+user_table = {};
+session_table = {};
+
+fun redirect(endpoint) {
+	fun callback() 
+		return response.new(307, none, {'Location': endpoint});
+	return callback;
+}
+
+route_table = {
+	'/': {
+		GET: redirect("/login")
+	},
+	'/home': {
+		fun GET(req: Request) {
+			
+			username, _, error = getUsername(req);
+			if error != none:
+				return respond(400, error);
+			if username == none:
+				return respond(401, "You're not logged in");
+			
+			content = string.cat(
 				"<html>",
 					"<head>",
-				"<title>", title, "</title>",
+						"<title>Homepage</title>",
 					"</head>",
 					"<body>",
-				"<a>", content, "</a>",
+						"<a>Hello, ", username, "!</a>",
 					"</body>",
 				"</html>"
 			);
+			return respond(200, content);
+		}
+	},
+	'/login': {
+		GET: 'pages/login.html',
+		fun POST(req: Request) {
+
+			username, _, error = getUsername(req);
+			if error != none:
+				return respond(400, error);
+			if username != none:
+				return respond(400, "You're already logged in");
+
+			fun areValid(params) {
+				expect = {user: String, pass: String};
+				return istypeof(expect, params) 
+			  	   and count(params.user) > 0
+				   and count(params.pass) > 0;
 			}
 
-fun generateLogout() {
+			params = urlencoded.parse(req.body);
+			if not areValid(params):
+				return respond(400, "Invalid parameters");
+			username = params.user;
+			password = params.pass;
+
+			info = user_table[username];
+			
+			if info == none:
+				return respond(200, "No such user");
+			if info.pass != password:
+				return respond(200, "Wrong password");
+			
+			# Logged in!
+			session_id = generateRandomValue(0, 1000);
+			session_table[session_id] = username;
+
+			message = cat("Welcome, ", username, "!");			
+			headers = {
+				"Location"  : "/home", 
+				"Set-Cookie": cat("SESSID=", session_id)
+			};
+			return respond(303, message, headers);
+		}
+	},
+	'/signup': {
+		
+		GET: 'pages/signup.html',
+
+		fun POST(req: Request) {
+
+			username, _, error = getUsername(req);
+			if error != none:
+				return respond(400, error);
+			if username != none:
+				return respond(400, "You're already logged in");
+
+			fun areValid(params) {
+				expect = {user: String, pass: String};
+				return istypeof(expect, params) 
+			  	   and count(params.user) > 0
+				   and count(params.pass) > 0;
 			}
 
-table = {
-	'/': 'login.html',
-	'/home': generateHome,
-	'/login': 'login.html',
-	'/signup': 'signup.html',
-	'/logout': generateLogout
+			params = urlencoded.parse(req.body);
+			if not areValid(params):
+				return respond(400, "Invalid parameters");
+			username = params.user;
+			password = params.pass;
+
+			if user_table[password] != none:
+				return respond(200, "User already exists");
+			
+			# Signed up!
+			user_table[username] = {pass: password};
+			session_id = random.generate(0, 1000);
+			session_table[session_id] = username;
+
+			# Respond
+			message = string.cat("Welcome, ", username, "!");			
+			headers = {
+				"Location"  : "/home", 
+				"Set-Cookie": string.cat("SESSID=", toString(session_id))
+			};
+			return respond(303, message, headers);
+		}
+	},
+	'/logout': {
+		fun GET(req: Request) {
+
+			username, session_id, error = getUsername(req);
+			if error != none:
+				return respond(400, error);
+			if username == none:
+				return respond(401, "You're not logged in");
+
+			session_table[session_id] = none;
+
+			return respond(303, "Goodbye!", {"Location": "/login"});
+		}
+	}
 };
 
-default = 'notfound.html';
+fun join(list: List, glue="") {
+	if count(list) == 0:
+		text = "";
+	else {
+		i = 1;
+		text = toString(list[0]);
+		while i < count(list): {
+			text = string.cat(text, glue, toString(list[i]));
+			i = i+1;
+		}
+	}
+	return text;
+}
+
 debug = true;
 
+fun joinPath(a, b) {
+	u = a[count(a)-1] == '/';
+	v = b[count(b)-1] == '/';
+	if u and v:
+		return string.cat(string.slice(a, 0, count(a)-1), b);
+	if u or v:
+		return string.cat(a, b);
+	return string.cat(a, '/', b);
+}
+
+fun getRouteAllowedMethods(route) {
+	
+	method_table = route_table[route];
+	if method_table == none:
+		return none;
+
+	allowed = keysof(method_table);
+	if method_table.HEAD == none and method_table.GET != none:
+		append(allowed, "HEAD");
+	if method_table.OPTIONS == none:
+		append(allowed, "OPTIONS");
+	return allowed;
+}
+
 fun callback(req: Request) {
 
-	path = req.url.path;
+	endpoint = req.url.path;
+	method_table = route_table[endpoint];
+	if method_table == none:
+		return response.new(404);
 
-	if path == "/" or path == "/login": {
-
-		if req.method == "POST": {
-
-			
-			
-		} else if req.method == "GET"; {
-
-		} else {
-			assert(false);
-		}
-	}
-	
-	# Generate response body	
-	{
-		entry = table[req.url.path];
-		if entry == none: {
-			entry = default;
-			not_found = true;
-		} else
-			not_found = false;
-
-		if isCallable(entry):
-			data, error = entry(req);
+	method_item = method_table[req.method];
+	if method_item == none: {
+		allowed = getRouteAllowedMethods(endpoint);
+		if req.method == "OPTIONS":
+			status = 204;
 		else
-			data, error = loadFile(entry);
+			status = 405;
+		return response.new(status, none, {"Allow": join(allowed, ", ")});
 	}
 
-	# Generate response object
-	{
+	if isCallable(method_item):
+		res = method_item(req);
+	else {
+		file = joinPath(getCurrentWorkingDirectory(), method_item);
+		data, error = loadFile(file);
 		if error == none: 
 			res = response.new(200, data);
-		else if not_found:
-			res = response.new(404, data);
 		else if debug:
 			res = response.new(500, error);
 		else

examples/http_server/pages/login.html

@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
 <html>
 	<head>
-		<title>Login page</title>
+		<title>Log-in page</title>
 	</head>
 	<body>
 		<form action="/login" method="POST">
 			<input type="text" 	   name="user" placeholder="[Username]" />
 			<input type="password" name="pass" placeholder="[Password]" />
-			<input type="submit" value="Enter" />
+			<input type="submit"   value="Log-in" />
 		</form>
 	</body>
 </html>

examples/http_server/pages/signup.html

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+<html>
+	<head>
+		<title>Sign-up page</title>
+	</head>
+	<body>
+		<form action="/signup" method="POST">
+			<input type="text"     name="user" placeholder="[Username]" />
+			<input type="password" name="pass" placeholder="[Password]" />
+			<input type="submit"   value="Sign-up!" />
+		</form>
+	</body>
+</html>

examples/http_server/request.noja

@@ -22,9 +22,23 @@ Request = {
     method : String, 
     url    : URL, 
     version: Version,
-    body   : None | Buffer | [Buffer, Buffer]
+    body   : String
 };
 
+fun bodyBytesToString(body: None | Buffer | [Buffer, Buffer]) {
+	if type(body) == None:
+		body = "";
+	else if type(body) == Buffer:
+		body = buffer.toString(body);
+	else
+		body = cat(buffer.toString(body[0]),
+			       buffer.toString(body[1]));
+	return body;
+}
+
+fun printBody(body: None | Buffer | [Buffer, Buffer])
+	print(bodyToString(body));
+
 fun fromSocket(fd: int, max_head: int = 1024) {
 
 	{
@@ -60,9 +74,11 @@ fun fromSocket(fd: int, max_head: int = 1024) {
 	# Receive the remaining portion of the 
 	# request's body (if it wasn't already)
 	{
-		content_length = request.headers['Content-Length'];
-		if content_length == none: 
+		x = request.headers['Content-Length'];
+		if x == none: 
 			content_length = 0;
+		else
+			content_length = string.toInt(string.trim(x));
 
 		# TODO: Limit the content length 
 
@@ -82,6 +98,6 @@ fun fromSocket(fd: int, max_head: int = 1024) {
 		}
 	}
 	
-	request.body = body_bytes;
+	request.body = bodyBytesToString(body_bytes);
 	return request;
 }

examples/http_server/server.noja

@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ return {
 		    port    : int = 8080, 
 			backlog : int = 32) {
 
-		fd, err = net.socket(net.AF_INET, net.SOCK_STREAM, 0);
+		fd, err = net.socket(net.AF_INET, net.SOCK_STREAM, 0, true);
 		if err != none:
 			return none, err;
 

examples/http_server/urlencoded.noja

@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+
+fun undoEscaping(src: String) {
+	assert(src[0] == "%");
+	x = src[1];
+	y = src[2];
+	if not isHex(x)
+	or not isHex(y):
+		return none, "Invalid %xx token";
+	x = hexToInt(x);
+	y = hexToInt(y);
+	byte = x * 16 + y;
+	char = chr(byte);
+	return char, i;
+}
+
+fun getStringToken(src: String, i: int)
+{
+	token = "";
+	while i < count(src) 
+	  and src[i] != "=" 
+	  and src[i] != "&": {
+	
+		char = src[i];
+		
+		if char == "%": {
+
+			# Slice the "%xx" token
+			if i+2 >= count(src):
+				return none, none, "Invalid %xx escape token";
+			slice = string.slice(src, i, 3);
+
+			# Convert it to a character
+			char, error = undoEscaping(slice);
+			if error != none:
+				return none, none, error;
+
+			i = i+3;
+		} else {
+			if char == "+":
+				char = " ";
+			i = i+1;
+		}
+		
+		token = string.cat(token, char);
+	}
+	return token, i;
+}
+
+fun parse(src: String) {
+
+	result = {};
+
+	i = 0;
+	while i < count(src): {
+
+		name, i, error = getStringToken(src, i);
+		if error != none:
+			return none, error;
+
+		if i < count(src) and src[i] == "=": {
+			i = i+1; # Skip the "="
+			value, i, error = getStringToken(src, i);
+			if error != none:
+				return error;
+		} else
+			value = none;
+		
+		result[name] = value;
+
+		if i < count(src) and src[i] == "&":
+			i = i+1;
+	}
+
+	return result;
+}
+
+return {parse: parse};

src/lib/builtins/basic.c

@@ -39,12 +39,28 @@
 #include "files.h"
 #include "string.h"
 #include "buffer.h"
+#include "random.h"
 #include "../utils/defs.h"
 #include "../common/defs.h"
 #include "../objects/objects.h"
 #include "../runtime/runtime.h"
 #include "../compiler/compile.h"
 
+static int bin_getCurrentWorkingDirectory(Runtime *runtime, Object **argv, unsigned int argc, Object *rets[static MAX_RETS], Error *error)
+{
+	UNUSED(argc);
+	UNUSED(argv);
+	ASSERT(argc == 0);
+
+	char path[1024];
+	if(getcwd(path, sizeof(path)) == NULL) {
+		Error_Report(error, 1, "Couldn't get current working directory because a buffer is too small");
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	return returnValues2(error, runtime, rets, "s", path);
+}
+
 static int bin_typename(Runtime *runtime, Object **argv, unsigned int argc, Object *rets[static MAX_RETS], Error *error)
 {
 	UNUSED(argc);
@@ -335,6 +351,7 @@ StaticMapSlot bins_basic[] = {
 	{ "files",  SM_SMAP, .as_smap = bins_files,  },
 	{ "buffer", SM_SMAP, .as_smap = bins_buffer, },
 	{ "string", SM_SMAP, .as_smap = bins_string, },
+	{ "random", SM_SMAP, .as_smap = bins_random, },
 	
 	{ "import", SM_FUNCT, .as_funct = bin_import, .argc = 1, },
 	{ "type",   SM_FUNCT, .as_funct = bin_type, .argc = 1 },
@@ -346,5 +363,6 @@ StaticMapSlot bins_basic[] = {
 	{ "istypeof", SM_FUNCT, .as_funct = bin_istypeof, .argc = 2, },
 	{ "typename", SM_FUNCT, .as_funct = bin_typename, .argc = 1, },
 	{ "keysof", SM_FUNCT, .as_funct = bin_keysof, .argc = 1, },
+	{ "getCurrentWorkingDirectory", SM_FUNCT, .as_funct = bin_getCurrentWorkingDirectory, .argc = 0 },
 	{ NULL, SM_END, {}, {} },
 };

src/lib/builtins/net.c

@@ -9,19 +9,27 @@
 
 static int bin_socket(Runtime *runtime, Object **argv, unsigned int argc, Object *rets[static MAX_RETS], Error *error)
 {
-	ASSERT(argc == 3);
-	ParsedArgument pargs[3];
-	if (!parseArgs(error, argv, argc, pargs, "iii"))
+	ASSERT(argc == 4);
+	ParsedArgument pargs[4];
+	if (!parseArgs(error, argv, argc, pargs, "iii?b"))
 		return -1;
 
 	int domain = pargs[0].as_int;
 	int   type = pargs[1].as_int;
 	int  proto = pargs[2].as_int;
+	bool reuse = pargs[3].defined ? pargs[3].as_bool : false;
 
 	int fd = socket(domain, type, proto);
 		
 	if (fd < 0)
 		return returnValues2(error, runtime, rets, "ns", strerror(errno));
+	
+	if (reuse) {
+		int value = 1;
+		if (setsockopt(fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, &value, sizeof(value)) < 0)
+			return returnValues2(error, runtime, rets, "ns", strerror(errno));
+	}
+
 	return returnValues2(error, runtime, rets, "i", fd);
 }
 
@@ -184,7 +192,7 @@ StaticMapSlot bins_net[] = {
 	{ "AF_INET", SM_INT, .as_int = AF_INET, },
 	{ "SOCK_STREAM", SM_INT, .as_int = SOCK_STREAM, },
 	{ "SOCK_DGRAM",  SM_INT, .as_int = SOCK_DGRAM,  },
-	{ "socket",  SM_FUNCT, .as_funct = bin_socket, .argc = 3, },
+	{ "socket",  SM_FUNCT, .as_funct = bin_socket, .argc = 4, },
 	{ "bind",    SM_FUNCT, .as_funct = bin_bind,   .argc = 4, },
 	{ "listen",  SM_FUNCT, .as_funct = bin_listen, .argc = 2, },
 	{ "accept",  SM_FUNCT, .as_funct = bin_accept, .argc = 1, },

src/lib/builtins/random.c

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include "utils.h"
+#include "random.h"
+#include "../utils/defs.h"
+
+static int bin_seed(Runtime *runtime, Object **argv, unsigned int argc, Object *rets[static MAX_RETS], Error *error)
+{
+	UNUSED(argc);
+	UNUSED(argv);
+	ASSERT(argc == 1);
+
+	ParsedArgument pargs[1];
+	if (!parseArgs(error, argv, argc, pargs, "i"))
+		return -1;
+	
+	int64_t seed = pargs[0].as_int;
+	srand(seed);
+	return returnValues2(error, runtime, rets, "n");
+}
+
+static int bin_generate(Runtime *runtime, Object **argv, unsigned int argc, Object *rets[static MAX_RETS], Error *error)
+{
+	UNUSED(argc);
+	UNUSED(argv);
+	ASSERT(argc == 2);
+
+	ParsedArgument pargs[2];
+	if (!parseArgs(error, argv, argc, pargs, "?i?i"))
+		return -1;
+	
+	int64_t min, max;
+	if (pargs[0].defined) min = pargs[0].as_int; else min = 0;
+	if (pargs[1].defined) max = pargs[1].as_int; else max = INT64_MAX;
+	int64_t value = min + (max - min) * (double) rand() / RAND_MAX;
+	return returnValues2(error, runtime, rets, "i", value);
+}
+
+StaticMapSlot bins_random[] = {
+	{"seed",     SM_FUNCT, .as_funct = bin_seed,     .argc = 1},
+	{"generate", SM_FUNCT, .as_funct = bin_generate, .argc = 2},
+	{ NULL, SM_END, {}, {} },
+};

src/lib/builtins/random.h

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+#include "../runtime/runtime.h"
+extern StaticMapSlot bins_random[];

src/lib/builtins/string.c

@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
+#include <ctype.h>
 #include <string.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <stdint.h>
+#include "utils.h"
 #include "string.h"
 #include "../utils/defs.h"
 #include "../utils/utf8.h"
@@ -135,8 +137,138 @@ static int bin_cat(Runtime *runtime, Object **argv, unsigned int argc, Object *r
     return 1;
 }
 
+static int bin_slice(Runtime *runtime, Object **argv, unsigned int argc, Object *rets[static MAX_RETS], Error *error)
+{
+    // 0: string
+    // 1: start offset or none
+    // 2: end offset or none
+
+    ParsedArgument pargs[3];
+    if (!parseArgs(error, argv, argc, pargs, "s?i?i"))
+        return -1;
+
+    const char *srcstr = pargs[0].as_string.data;
+    size_t      srclen = pargs[0].as_string.size;
+
+    size_t offset;
+    size_t length;
+
+    if (pargs[1].defined) {
+        int64_t n = pargs[1].as_int;
+        if (n < 0) {
+            Error_Report(error, 0, "starting offset of string slice must be non-negative");
+            return -1;
+        }
+        offset = (size_t) n;
+    } else
+        offset = 0;
+
+    if (pargs[2].defined) {
+        int64_t n = pargs[2].as_int;
+        if (n < 0) {
+            Error_Report(error, 0, "length of string slice must be non-negative");
+            return -1;
+        }
+        length = (size_t) n;
+    } else
+        length = srclen - offset;
+
+    if (offset > srclen) {
+        Error_Report(error, 0, "string slice offset is out of bounds");
+        return -1;
+    }
+    if (offset + length > srclen) {
+        Error_Report(error, 0, "string slice length is out of bounds");
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    Heap *heap = Runtime_GetHeap(runtime);
+    Object *slice = Object_FromString(srcstr + offset, length, heap, error);
+    if (slice == NULL)
+        return -1;
+    rets[0] = slice;
+    return 1;
+}
+
+static int bin_trim(Runtime *runtime, Object **argv, unsigned int argc, Object *rets[static MAX_RETS], Error *error)
+{
+    // 0: string
+
+    ParsedArgument pargs[1];
+    if (!parseArgs(error, argv, argc, pargs, "s"))
+        return -1;
+
+    const char *srcstr = pargs[0].as_string.data;
+    size_t      srclen = pargs[0].as_string.size;
+
+    size_t offset = 0;
+    size_t length = srclen;
+
+    while (offset < srclen && srcstr[offset] == ' ')
+        offset++;
+
+    Heap *heap = Runtime_GetHeap(runtime);
+
+    Object *result;
+    if (offset == srclen)
+        // The string only contained whitespace.
+        // Return an empty string.
+        result = Object_FromString("", 0, heap, error);
+    else {
+        
+        // NOTE: The string doesn't contain only
+        //       whitespace, so the length can't
+        //       go under 1.
+        while (srcstr[offset + length - 1] == ' ')
+            length--;
+
+        result = Object_FromString(srcstr + offset, length, heap, error);
+    }
+
+    if (result == NULL)
+        return -1;
+    rets[0] = result;
+    return 1;
+}
+
+static int bin_toInt(Runtime *runtime, Object **argv, unsigned int argc, Object *rets[static MAX_RETS], Error *error)
+{
+    // 0: string
+
+    ParsedArgument pargs[1];
+    if (!parseArgs(error, argv, argc, pargs, "s"))
+        return -1;
+
+    const char *srcstr = pargs[0].as_string.data;
+    size_t      srclen = pargs[0].as_string.size;
+
+    if (srclen == 0 || !isdigit(srcstr[0]))
+        return returnValues2(error, runtime, rets, "ns", "String doesn't contain an integer");
+
+    int64_t result = 0;
+    size_t i = 0;
+    do {
+        int digit = srcstr[i] - '0';
+        if (result > (INT64_MAX - digit) / 10)
+            return returnValues2(error, runtime, rets, "ns", "An overflow occurred");
+        result = result * 10 + digit;
+        i++;
+    } while (i < srclen && isdigit(srcstr[i]));
+
+    if (i < srclen)
+        // Found something other than a digit after the
+        // sequence of digits, therefore the string can't
+        // be considered an integer.
+        return returnValues2(error, runtime, rets, "ns", "String doesn't contain an integer");
+    
+    return returnValues2(error, runtime, rets, "i", result);
+}
+
 StaticMapSlot bins_string[] = {
     { "ord",  SM_FUNCT, .as_funct = bin_ord, .argc = 1 },
     { "chr",  SM_FUNCT, .as_funct = bin_chr, .argc = 1 },
     { "cat",  SM_FUNCT, .as_funct = bin_cat, .argc = -1 },
+    { "trim", SM_FUNCT, .as_funct = bin_trim, .argc = 1 },
+    { "slice", SM_FUNCT, .as_funct = bin_slice, .argc = 3 },
+    { "toInt", SM_FUNCT, .as_funct = bin_toInt, .argc = 1 },
 };

src/lib/builtins/utils.c

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ int returnValuesVA(Error *error, Heap *heap, Object *rets[static MAX_RETS], cons
 			case 'i': ret = Object_FromInt  (va_arg(va, int),    heap, error); break;
 			case 'f': ret = Object_FromFloat(va_arg(va, double), heap, error); break;
 			case 's': ret = Object_FromString(va_arg(va, char*), -1, heap, error); break;
+			case 'F': ret = Object_FromStream(va_arg(va, FILE*), heap, error); break;
 			default:
 			Error_Report(error, 1, "Invalid format specifier '%c'", fmt[i]);
 			return -1;
@@ -138,8 +139,17 @@ bool parseArgs(Error *error,
 					break;
 				}
 
+				case 'F': /* File */
+				if (!Object_IsFile(arg)) {
+					Error_Report(error, 0, "Argument %d was expected to be a file, but a %s was provided", current_arg+1, arg->type->name);
+					return false;
+				}
+				pargs[current_arg].defined = true;
+				pargs[current_arg].as_file = Object_GetStream(arg);
+				break;
+
 				default:
-				Error_Report(error, 1, "Invalid argument parser format specifier");
+				Error_Report(error, 1, "Invalid argument parser format specifier '%c'", fmt[i]);
 				return false;
 			}
 		}

src/lib/compiler/parse.c

@@ -287,7 +287,7 @@ static Token *tokenize(Source *src, BPAlloc *alloc, Error *error)
 				if(str[i] == '\\')
 				{
 					i += 1; // Consume the \.
-					if(i < len && (str[i] == '\'' || str[i] == '"'))
+					if(i < len && (str[i] == '\'' || str[i] == '"' || str[i] == '\\'))
 						i += 1;
 				}
 				else break;

src/lib/objects/o_map.c

@@ -73,6 +73,7 @@ keysof(Object *self,
 	   Error  *error)
 {
 	MapObject *map = (MapObject*) self;
+#warning "This shouldn't return items that contain none"
 	return Object_NewList2(map->count, map->keys, heap, error);
 }