the interpreter implementation is now hidden behing the src/libnoja/noja.h facade. Also I wrote a disassembler that lets you build noja executables by specifying the bytecode directly in a text format

Makefile

@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ $(OBJDIR)/%.o: $(SRCDIR)/%.c
 	@ $(CC) $(CFLAGS) -c $^ -o $@
 
 
+
 # Clean all artifacts and rebuild the whole thing
 all: clean $(OBJS) build
 

build_tests.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+FILES="tests/assembler_test.c    \
+       src/assembler/assembler.c \
+       src/common/executable.c   \
+       src/utils/error.c         \
+       src/utils/source.c        \
+       src/utils/bpalloc.c       \
+       src/utils/promise.c       \
+       src/utils/labellist.c     \
+       src/utils/bucketlist.c"
+
+gcc $FILES -o build/assembler_test_cov -Wall -Wextra -g --coverage
+gcc $FILES -o build/assembler_test -Wall -Wextra -g
+

src/libnoja/assembler/assembler.c

@@ -0,0 +1,389 @@
+#include <ctype.h>
+#include <limits.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <assert.h>
+#include "../utils/error.h"
+#include "../utils/source.h"
+#include "../utils/labellist.h"
+#include "../common/executable.h"
+
+typedef struct {
+    const char *str;
+    size_t len;
+    size_t cur;
+} Context;
+
+static void skipIdentifier(Context *ctx)
+{
+    while(ctx->cur < ctx->len && (isalpha(ctx->str[ctx->cur]) || isdigit(ctx->str[ctx->cur]) || ctx->str[ctx->cur] == '_'))
+        ctx->cur += 1;
+}
+
+static void skipSpaces(Context *ctx)
+{
+    while(ctx->cur < ctx->len && isspace(ctx->str[ctx->cur]))
+        ctx->cur += 1;
+}
+
+typedef struct {
+    size_t offset;
+    size_t length;
+} Slice;
+
+static bool parseLabelAndOpcode(Context *ctx, bool *no_label, 
+                                Slice *label, Slice *opcode, 
+                                Error *error)
+{
+    assert(ctx != NULL && no_label != NULL 
+        && label != NULL && opcode != NULL);
+
+    // NOTE: This function must start at
+    // the first byte of the label or
+    // opcode. All whitespace must be
+    // consumed by the caller. 
+
+    // Now we expect either a label and an
+    // opcode, or just an opcode
+    //
+    //   <label>: <opcode> ..operands..
+    //   <opcode> ..operands..
+    //
+    // Labels and opcodes can bot contain
+    // digits, letters and underscores.
+
+    Slice label_or_opcode;
+    {
+        char c = ctx->str[ctx->cur];
+        if(!isalpha(c) && c != '_') {
+            // ERROR: Missing opcode
+            Error_Report(error, 0, "Missing opcode");
+        }
+        
+        label_or_opcode.offset = ctx->cur;
+        skipIdentifier(ctx);
+        label_or_opcode.length = ctx->cur - label_or_opcode.offset;
+
+        assert(label_or_opcode.length > 0);
+    }
+
+    // Get the character after the label or opcode
+    // (ignoring whitespace), and if it's a ':',
+    // then it was a label.
+    skipSpaces(ctx);
+    if(ctx->cur < ctx->len && ctx->str[ctx->cur] == ':') {
+
+        // Skip the ':' and the whitespace after it.
+        ctx->cur += 1;
+        skipSpaces(ctx);
+
+        if(ctx->cur == ctx->len || (!isalpha(ctx->str[ctx->cur]) && ctx->str[ctx->cur] != '_')) {
+            Error_Report(error, 0, "Missing opcode after label");
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        // Now the opcode is expected.
+        opcode->offset = ctx->cur;
+        skipIdentifier(ctx);
+        opcode->length = ctx->cur - opcode->offset;
+        assert(opcode->length > 0);
+
+        *no_label = false;
+        *label = label_or_opcode;
+        skipSpaces(ctx);
+    } else {
+        *no_label = true;
+        *opcode = label_or_opcode;
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+static bool parseStringOperand(Context *ctx, Error *error, BPAlloc *alloc, Operand *op)
+{
+    // Skip the first double quote.
+    assert(ctx->cur < ctx->len && ctx->str[ctx->cur] == '"');
+    ctx->cur += 1;
+
+    size_t literal_offset = ctx->cur;
+
+    // For now do a dumb copy into the buffer
+    // without considering special characters.
+    while(ctx->cur < ctx->len && ctx->str[ctx->cur] != '"')
+        ctx->cur += 1;
+
+    if(ctx->cur == ctx->len) {
+        Error_Report(error, 0, "End of source inside a string literal");
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    // Skip the ending double quotes.
+    assert(ctx->cur < ctx->len && ctx->str[ctx->cur] == '"');
+    ctx->cur += 1;
+
+    size_t literal_length = ctx->cur - literal_offset;
+
+    char *copy = BPAlloc_Malloc(alloc, literal_length+1);
+    if(copy == NULL) {
+        Error_Report(error, 1, "No memory");
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    memcpy(copy, ctx->str + literal_offset, literal_length);
+    copy[literal_length] = '\0';
+
+    op->type = OPTP_STRING;
+    op->as_string = copy;
+    return true;
+}
+
+static bool parseIntegerOperand(Context *ctx, Error *error, Operand *op)
+{
+    // It's ensured by the caller that the cursor is
+    // pointing to a sequence of one or more digits
+    // NOT followed by a dot and a digit after that
+    // (so this is an integer for sure, not a float).
+    assert(ctx->cur < ctx->len && isdigit(ctx->str[ctx->cur]));
+
+    long long int buffer = 0;
+    do {
+        // Transform each digit into it's integer value.
+        int d = ctx->str[ctx->cur] - '0';
+        assert(d >= 0 && d <= 9);
+
+        // Will this overflow?
+        if(buffer > (LLONG_MAX - d) / 10) {
+            Error_Report(error, 0, "Integer literal is too big to be represented in %d bits", 8*sizeof(buffer));
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        buffer = buffer * 10 + d;
+        ctx->cur += 1;
+    } while(ctx->cur < ctx->len && isdigit(ctx->str[ctx->cur]));
+
+    // Not a float!
+
+    op->type = OPTP_INT;
+    op->as_int = buffer;
+    return true;
+}
+
+static bool parseFloatingOperand(Context *ctx, Error *error, Operand *op)
+{   
+    (void) error; // At the moment this function doesn't report
+                  // any error. This may change when overflows
+                  // and underflows are detected.
+
+    // It's ensured by the caller that the cursor is
+    // pointing to a sequence of one or more digits
+    // followed by a dot and a digit after that.
+    assert(ctx->cur < ctx->len && isdigit(ctx->str[ctx->cur]));
+
+    double buffer = 0;
+    do {
+        // Transform each digit into it's integer value.
+        int d = ctx->str[ctx->cur] - '0';
+        assert(d >= 0 && d <= 9);
+
+        // Should overflow be checked?
+        buffer = buffer * 10 + d;
+
+        ctx->cur += 1;
+    } while(ctx->str[ctx->cur] != '.');
+
+    assert(ctx->cur+1 < ctx->len && ctx->str[ctx->cur] == '.' && isdigit(ctx->str[ctx->cur+1]));
+
+    double q = 1;
+    do {
+        // Transform each digit into it's integer value.
+        int d = ctx->str[ctx->cur] - '0';
+        assert(d >= 0 && d <= 9);
+
+        buffer += q * d;
+
+        ctx->cur += 1;
+    } while(ctx->cur < ctx->len && isdigit(ctx->str[ctx->cur]));
+
+    op->type = OPTP_FLOAT;
+    op->as_float = buffer;
+    return true;
+}
+
+static bool parseOperands(Context *ctx, BPAlloc *alloc, Error *error, 
+                          LabelList *list, Operand *opv, int *opc, int opc_max)
+{
+    // NOTE: The whitespace before the first operand must
+    // be consumed by the caller.
+
+    if(ctx->cur < ctx->len && ctx->str[ctx->cur] != ';')
+        while(1) {
+
+            Operand op;
+
+            char c = ctx->str[ctx->cur];
+            if(c == '"') {
+            
+                if(!parseStringOperand(ctx, error, alloc, &op))
+                    return false;
+            
+            } else if(isdigit(c)) {
+            
+                /* Integer or float operand */
+
+                size_t k = ctx->cur;
+                while(k < ctx->len && isdigit(ctx->str[k]))
+                    k += 1;
+                
+                bool ok;
+                if(k+1 >= ctx->len || ctx->str[k] != '.' || !isdigit(ctx->str[k+1]))
+                    ok = parseIntegerOperand(ctx, error, &op);
+                else
+                    ok = parseFloatingOperand(ctx, error, &op);
+                
+                if(!ok)
+                    return false;
+
+            } else if(isalpha(c) || c == '_') {
+                
+                /* Label */
+                size_t offset = ctx->cur;
+                skipIdentifier(ctx);
+                size_t length = ctx->cur - offset;
+
+                Promise *promise = LabelList_GetLabel(list, ctx->str + offset, length);
+                if(promise == NULL) {
+                    Error_Report(error, 1, "No memory");
+                    return false;
+                }
+
+                op.type = OPTP_PROMISE;
+                op.as_promise = promise;
+
+            } else {
+                // ERROR: Unexpected character
+                Error_Report(error, 0, "Unexpected character '%c'", c);
+                return false;
+            }
+
+            if(*opc == opc_max) {
+                Error_Report(error, 0, "Too many operands");
+                return false;
+            }
+            opv[*opc] = op;
+            *opc += 1;
+            // Now prepare for the next operand
+            skipSpaces(ctx);
+
+            if(ctx->cur == ctx->len || ctx->str[ctx->cur] == ';')
+                break;
+
+            c = ctx->str[ctx->cur];
+            if(c != ',') {
+                Error_Report(error, 0, "Unexpected character '%c' (',' or ';' were expected)", c);
+                return false;
+            }
+
+            // Skip the comma
+            ctx->cur += 1;
+
+            // Skip the spaces before the next operand
+            skipSpaces(ctx);
+        }
+    assert(ctx->cur == ctx->len || ctx->str[ctx->cur] == ';');
+    return true;
+}
+
+Executable *assemble(Source *src, Error *error)
+{
+    Executable *exe = NULL;
+
+    BPAlloc *alloc = BPAlloc_Init(-1);
+    if(alloc == NULL) {
+        Error_Report(error, 1, "No memory");
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    LabelList *list = LabelList_New(alloc);
+    if(list == NULL) {
+        Error_Report(error, 1, "No memory");
+        BPAlloc_Free(alloc);
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    ExeBuilder *builder = ExeBuilder_New(alloc);
+    if(builder == NULL) {
+        Error_Report(error, 1, "No memory");
+        LabelList_Free(list);
+        BPAlloc_Free(alloc);
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    Context ctx = { 
+        .str = Source_GetBody(src),
+        .len = Source_GetSize(src),
+        .cur = 0,
+    };
+    while(1) {
+
+        skipSpaces(&ctx);
+
+        if(ctx.cur == ctx.len)
+            break;
+
+        bool no_label;
+        Slice label, opcode_name;
+
+        if(!parseLabelAndOpcode(&ctx, &no_label, &label, &opcode_name, error))
+            goto done;
+
+        // If a label was defined, add it to the list.
+        if(no_label == false) {
+            long long int value = ExeBuilder_InstrCount(builder);
+            if(!LabelList_SetLabel(list, ctx.str + label.offset, label.length, value)) {
+                Error_Report(error, 1, "Out of memory");
+                goto done;
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Check that the opcode is valid (at this
+        // point it's just an unchecked identifier)
+        Opcode opcode;
+        const char *name = ctx.str + opcode_name.offset;
+        if(!Executable_GetOpcodeBinaryFromName(name, opcode_name.length, &opcode)) {
+            Error_Report(error, 0, "Opcode %.*s doesn't exist", (int) opcode_name.length, name);
+            goto done;
+        }
+
+        /* Parse operands */
+        // (whitespace was already skipped)
+
+        Operand opv[8];
+        int     opc = 0;
+
+        if(!parseOperands(&ctx, alloc, error, list, opv, &opc, sizeof(opv)/sizeof(opv[0])))
+            goto done;
+
+        // The operand list ended with a ';' or the
+        // end of the file. If the file didn't end,
+        // then the ';' must be consumed.
+        assert(ctx.cur == ctx.len || ctx.str[ctx.cur] == ';');
+        if(ctx.cur < ctx.len) ctx.cur += 1;
+
+        if(!ExeBuilder_Append(builder, error, opcode, opv, opc, opcode_name.offset, opcode_name.length))
+            goto done;
+    }
+
+    size_t unresolved_count = LabelList_GetUnresolvedCount(list);
+    if(unresolved_count > 0) {
+        Error_Report(error, 0, "%d unresolved labels", unresolved_count);
+        goto done;
+    }
+
+    exe = ExeBuilder_Finalize(builder, error);
+
+    if(exe != NULL)
+        (void) Executable_SetSource(exe, src);
+
+done:
+    LabelList_Free(list);
+    BPAlloc_Free(alloc);
+    return exe;
+}

src/libnoja/assembler/assembler.h

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+#ifndef ASSEMBLE_H
+#define ASSEMBLE_H
+#include "../utils/error.h"
+#include "../utils/source.h"
+#include "../common/executable.h"
+Executable *assemble(Source *src, Error *error);
+#endif /* ASSEMBLE_H */

src/libnoja/common/executable.c

@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@
 ** +--------------------------------------------------------------------------+ 
 */
 
+#include <stdbool.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <string.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
@@ -112,6 +113,31 @@ static const InstrInfo instr_table[] = {
 	[OPCODE_JUMP] = {"JUMP", 1, (OperandType[]) {OPTP_INT}},
 };
 
+_Bool Executable_GetOpcodeBinaryFromName(const char *name, size_t name_len, Opcode *opcode)
+{
+	// The input name is assumed not zero-terminated,
+	// so to simplify things we duplicate it to add
+	// an extra null byte.
+	char buff[128]; // No opcode should have a name this big.
+	assert(name_len < sizeof(buff)); // If this is triggered, [buff] should be made bigger.
+	
+	memcpy(buff, name, name_len);
+	buff[name_len] = '\0';
+
+	name = buff;
+
+	// Now name is zero terminated.
+	assert(name[name_len] == '\0');
+
+	for(size_t i = 0; i < sizeof(instr_table)/sizeof(instr_table[0]); i += 1) {
+		if(!strcmp(name, instr_table[i].name)) {
+			*opcode = i; // Is this safe?
+			return 1;
+		}
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
 const char *Executable_GetOpcodeName(Opcode opcode)
 {
 	return instr_table[opcode].name;
@@ -275,6 +301,103 @@ _Bool Executable_Fetch(Executable *exe, int index, Opcode *opcode, Operand *ops,
 	return 1;
 }
 
+_Bool Executable_Equiv(Executable *exe1, Executable *exe2, FILE *log, const char *log_prefix)
+{
+	int idx = 0;
+	while(1) {
+		Operand exe1_opv[MAX_OPS];
+		Operand exe2_opv[MAX_OPS];
+		int exe1_opc = MAX_OPS;
+		int exe2_opc = MAX_OPS;
+		Opcode exe1_opcode;
+		Opcode exe2_opcode;
+		_Bool exe1_done = !Executable_Fetch(exe1, idx, &exe1_opcode, exe1_opv, &exe1_opc);
+		_Bool exe2_done = !Executable_Fetch(exe2, idx, &exe2_opcode, exe2_opv, &exe2_opc);
+		if(exe1_done != exe2_done) {
+			if(log != NULL)
+				fprintf(log, "%sExecutables have different sizes\n", log_prefix);
+			return false;
+		}
+
+		if(exe1_done == true)
+			break;
+
+		if(exe1_opcode != exe2_opcode) {
+			if(log != NULL)
+				fprintf(log, "%sInstructions at index %d have different opcodes (\"%s\" != \"%s\")\n", log_prefix, idx, 
+					Executable_GetOpcodeName(exe1_opcode), Executable_GetOpcodeName(exe2_opcode));
+			return false;
+		}
+
+		// Since the instruction opcode is the
+		// same, the number of operands must be
+		// the same too. (Their type must be
+		// the same too.)
+		assert(exe1_opc == exe2_opc);
+
+		for(int opno = 0; opno < exe1_opc; opno += 1) {
+
+			assert(exe1_opv[opno].type == exe2_opv[opno].type);
+
+			// Also, an executable can never have
+			// a promise operand. That's only used
+			// when building the executable.
+			assert(exe1_opv[opno].type != OPTP_PROMISE);
+
+			switch(exe1_opv[opno].type) {
+				
+				case OPTP_INT:
+				{
+					int v1 = exe1_opv[opno].as_int;
+					int v2 = exe2_opv[opno].as_int;
+					if(v1 != v2) {
+						if(log != NULL)
+							fprintf(log, "%s%s Instructions (at index %d) have different integer operands (at index %d) (%d != %d)\n", 
+								log_prefix, Executable_GetOpcodeName(exe1_opcode), idx, opno, v1, v2);
+						return false;
+					}
+				}
+				break;
+
+				case OPTP_FLOAT:
+				{
+					double v1 = exe1_opv[opno].as_float;
+					double v2 = exe2_opv[opno].as_float;
+					if(v1 != v2) {
+						if(log != NULL)
+							fprintf(log, "%s%s Instructions (at index %d) have different floating operands (at index %d) (%f != %f)\n", 
+								log_prefix, Executable_GetOpcodeName(exe1_opcode), idx, opno, v1, v2);
+						return false;
+					}
+				}
+				break;
+
+				case OPTP_STRING:
+				{
+					const char *v1 = exe1_opv[opno].as_string;
+					const char *v2 = exe2_opv[opno].as_string;
+					if(strcmp(v1, v2)) {
+						if(log != NULL)
+							// TODO: Escape the strings before printing them.
+							fprintf(log, "%s%s Instructions (at index %d) have different string operands (at index %d) (\"%s\" != \"%s\")\n", 
+								log_prefix, Executable_GetOpcodeName(exe1_opcode), idx, opno, v1, v2);
+						return false;
+					}
+				}
+				break;
+				
+				case OPTP_PROMISE:
+				/* Unreachable */
+				assert(0);
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+
+		idx += 1;
+	}
+	return true;
+}
+
 ExeBuilder *ExeBuilder_New(BPAlloc *alloc)
 {
 	assert(alloc != NULL);

src/libnoja/common/executable.h

@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@
 
 #ifndef EXECUTABLE_H
 #define EXECUTABLE_H
+#include <stdio.h>
 #include "../utils/source.h"
 #include "../utils/promise.h"
 
@@ -95,12 +96,14 @@ typedef struct xExeBuilder ExeBuilder;
 Executable *Executable_Copy(Executable *exe);
 void 		Executable_Free(Executable *exe);
 void 		Executable_Dump(Executable *exe);
+_Bool       Executable_Equiv(Executable *exe1, Executable *exe2, FILE *log, const char *log_prefix);
 _Bool		Executable_Fetch(Executable *exe, int index, Opcode *opcode, Operand *ops, int *opc);
 _Bool 		Executable_SetSource(Executable *exe, Source *src);
 Source 	   *Executable_GetSource(Executable *exe);
 int 		Executable_GetInstrOffset(Executable *exe, int index);
 int 		Executable_GetInstrLength(Executable *exe, int index);
 const char *Executable_GetOpcodeName(Opcode opcode);
+_Bool       Executable_GetOpcodeBinaryFromName(const char *name, size_t name_len, Opcode *opcode);
 
 ExeBuilder *ExeBuilder_New(BPAlloc *alloc);
 _Bool 		ExeBuilder_Append(ExeBuilder *exeb, Error *error, Opcode opcode, Operand *opv, int opc, int off, int len);

src/libnoja/noja.c

@@ -0,0 +1,264 @@
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <assert.h>
+#include "utils/error.h"
+#include "utils/source.h"
+#include "compiler/parse.h"
+#include "compiler/compile.h"
+#include "builtins/basic.h"
+#include "noja.h"
+
+static void print_error(const char *type, Error *error)
+{
+    if(type == NULL)
+        fprintf(stderr, "Error");
+    else if(error->internal)
+        fprintf(stderr, "Internal Error");
+    else
+        fprintf(stderr, "%s Error", type);
+
+    fprintf(stderr, ": %s.", error->message);
+
+#ifdef DEBUG
+    if(error->file != NULL)
+    {
+        if(error->line > 0 && error->func != NULL)
+            fprintf(stderr, " (Reported in %s:%d in %s)", error->file, error->line, error->func);
+        else if(error->line > 0 && error->func == NULL)
+            fprintf(stderr, " (Reported in %s:%d)", error->file, error->line);
+        else if(error->line < 1 && error->func != NULL)
+            fprintf(stderr, " (Reported in %s in %s)", error->file, error->func);
+    }
+#endif
+    
+    fprintf(stderr, "\n");
+}
+
+static Executable *build(Source *src)
+{
+    Executable *exe;
+    
+    // Create a bump-pointer allocator to hold the AST.
+    BPAlloc *alloc = BPAlloc_Init(-1);
+
+    if(alloc == NULL)
+    {
+        fprintf(stderr, "Internal Error: Couldn't allocate bump-pointer allocator to hold the AST.\n");
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    Error error;
+    Error_Init(&error);
+
+    // NOTE: The AST is stored in the BPAlloc. It's
+    //       lifetime is the same as the pool.
+    AST *ast = parse(src, alloc, &error);
+
+    if(ast == NULL)
+    {
+        assert(error.occurred);
+        print_error("Parsing", &error);
+        Error_Free(&error);
+        BPAlloc_Free(alloc);
+        return 0;
+    }
+    
+    exe = compile(ast, alloc, &error);
+
+    // We're done with the AST, independently from
+    // the compilation result.
+    BPAlloc_Free(alloc);
+
+    if(exe == NULL)
+    {
+        assert(error.occurred);
+        print_error("Compilation", &error);
+        Error_Free(&error);
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    return exe;
+}
+
+static _Bool interpret(Source *src)
+{
+    Executable *exe = build(src);
+
+    if(exe == NULL)
+        return 0;
+
+    Runtime *runt = Runtime_New(-1, 1024*1024, NULL, NULL);
+
+    if(runt == NULL)
+    {
+        Error error;
+        Error_Init(&error);
+        Error_Report(&error, 1, "Couldn't initialize runtime");
+        print_error(NULL, &error);
+        Error_Free(&error);
+        Executable_Free(exe);
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    // We use a [RuntimeError] instead of a simple [Error]
+    // because the [RuntimeError] makes a snapshot of the
+    // runtime state when an error is reported. Other than
+    // this fact they are interchangable. Any function that
+    // expects a pointer to [Error] can receive a [RuntimeError]
+    // upcasted to [Error].
+    RuntimeError error;
+    RuntimeError_Init(&error, runt); // Here we specify the runtime to snapshot in case of failure.
+    
+    Object *bins = Object_NewStaticMap(bins_basic, runt, (Error*) &error);
+
+    if(bins == NULL)
+    {
+        assert(error.base.occurred == 1);
+        print_error(NULL, (Error*) &error);
+        RuntimeError_Free(&error);
+        Executable_Free(exe);
+        Runtime_Free(runt);
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    Runtime_SetBuiltins(runt, bins);
+
+    Object *rets[8];
+    unsigned int maxretc = sizeof(rets)/sizeof(rets[0]);
+
+    int retc = run(runt, (Error*) &error, exe, 0, NULL, NULL, 0, rets, maxretc);
+
+    // NOTE: The pointer to the builtins object is invalidated
+    //       now because it may be moved by the garbage collector.
+
+    if(retc < 0)
+    {
+        print_error("Runtime", (Error*) &error);
+
+        if(error.snapshot == NULL)
+            fprintf(stderr, "No snapshot available.\n");
+        else
+            Snapshot_Print(error.snapshot, stderr);
+
+        RuntimeError_Free(&error);
+    }
+
+    Runtime_Free(runt);
+    Executable_Free(exe);
+
+    return retc > -1;
+}
+
+static _Bool disassemble(Source *src)
+{
+    Executable *exe = build(src);
+
+    if(exe == NULL)
+        return 0;
+
+    Executable_Dump(exe);
+    return 1;
+}
+
+static _Bool interpret_file(const char *file)
+{
+    Error error;
+    Error_Init(&error);
+    
+    Source *src = Source_FromFile(file, &error);
+
+    if(src == NULL)
+    {
+        assert(error.occurred == 1);
+        print_error(NULL, &error);
+        Error_Free(&error);
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    _Bool r = interpret(src);
+
+    Source_Free(src);
+    return r;
+}
+
+static _Bool interpret_code(const char *code)
+{
+    Error error;
+    Error_Init(&error);
+    
+    Source *src = Source_FromString(NULL, code, -1, &error);
+
+    if(src == NULL)
+    {
+        assert(error.occurred);
+        print_error(NULL, &error);
+        Error_Free(&error);
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    _Bool r = interpret(src);
+
+    Source_Free(src);
+    return r;
+}
+
+static _Bool disassemble_file(const char *file)
+{
+    Error error;
+    Error_Init(&error);
+    
+    Source *src = Source_FromFile(file, &error);
+
+    if(src == NULL)
+    {
+        assert(error.occurred == 1);
+        print_error(NULL, &error);
+        Error_Free(&error);
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    _Bool r = disassemble(src);
+
+    Source_Free(src);
+    return r;
+}
+
+static _Bool disassemble_code(const char *code)
+{
+    Error error;
+    Error_Init(&error);
+    
+    Source *src = Source_FromString(NULL, code, -1, &error);
+
+    if(src == NULL)
+    {
+        assert(error.occurred);
+        print_error(NULL, &error);
+        Error_Free(&error);
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    _Bool r = disassemble(src);
+
+    Source_Free(src);
+    return r;
+}
+
+_Bool NOJA_runString(const char *str)
+{
+    return interpret_code(str);
+}
+
+_Bool NOJA_runFile(const char *file)
+{
+    return interpret_file(file);
+}
+
+_Bool NOJA_dumpFileBytecode(const char *file)
+{
+    return disassemble_file(file);
+}
+
+_Bool NOJA_dumpStringBytecode(const char *str)
+{
+    return disassemble_code(str);
+}

src/libnoja/noja.h

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+#ifndef NOJA_H
+#define NOJA_H
+_Bool NOJA_runString(const char *str);
+_Bool NOJA_runFile(const char *file);
+_Bool NOJA_dumpFileBytecode(const char *file);
+_Bool NOJA_dumpStringBytecode(const char *str);
+#endif /* NOJA_H */

src/libnoja/utils/labellist.c

@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+#include <string.h>
+#include "labellist.h"
+
+typedef struct LabelInfo LabelInfo;
+struct LabelInfo {
+    const char *name;
+    size_t  name_len;
+    Promise *promise;
+    LabelInfo  *next;
+};
+
+struct LabelList {
+    BPAlloc *alloc;
+    LabelInfo *head;
+};
+
+LabelList *LabelList_New(BPAlloc *alloc)
+{
+    LabelList *list = BPAlloc_Malloc(alloc, sizeof(LabelList));
+    if(list != NULL) {
+        list->head = NULL;
+        list->alloc = alloc;
+    }
+    return list;
+}
+
+void LabelList_Free(LabelList *list)
+{
+    LabelInfo *info = list->head;
+    while(info != NULL) {
+        Promise_Free(info->promise);
+        info = info->next;
+    }
+    list->head = NULL;
+}
+
+bool LabelList_SetLabel(LabelList *list, const char *name, size_t name_len, long long int value)
+{
+    Promise *promise = LabelList_GetLabel(list, name, name_len);
+    if(promise == NULL)
+        return false;
+    Promise_Resolve(promise, &value, sizeof(value));
+    return true;
+}
+
+Promise *LabelList_GetLabel(LabelList *list, const char *name, size_t name_len)
+{
+    // Find the label with the given name.
+    {
+        LabelInfo *info = list->head;
+        while(info != NULL) {
+            
+            if(name_len == info->name_len 
+                && strncmp(name, info->name, name_len) == 0)
+                return info->promise;
+
+            info = info->next;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // No such label. Create a new one.
+    LabelInfo *new_info;
+    {
+        BPAlloc *alloc = list->alloc;
+        Promise *promise = Promise_New(alloc, sizeof(long long int));
+        if(promise == NULL)\
+            return NULL;
+
+        new_info = BPAlloc_Malloc(alloc, sizeof(LabelInfo));
+        if(new_info == NULL) {
+            Promise_Free(promise);
+            return NULL;
+        }
+
+        new_info->next = NULL;
+        new_info->name = name;
+        new_info->name_len = name_len;
+        new_info->promise = promise;
+    }
+
+    // Add it to the list
+    new_info->next = list->head;
+    list->head = new_info;
+
+    return new_info->promise;
+}
+
+size_t LabelList_GetUnresolvedCount(LabelList *list)
+{
+    size_t count = 0;
+
+    LabelInfo *info = list->head;
+    while(info != NULL) {
+        count += !Promise_hasResolved(info->promise);
+        info = info->next;
+    }
+    
+    return count;
+}

src/libnoja/utils/labellist.h

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+#ifndef LABELLIST_H
+#define LABELLIST_H
+#include <stddef.h>
+#include <stdbool.h>
+#include "bpalloc.h"
+#include "promise.h"
+typedef struct LabelList LabelList;
+LabelList *LabelList_New(BPAlloc *alloc);
+void       LabelList_Free(LabelList *list);
+bool       LabelList_SetLabel(LabelList *list, const char *name, size_t name_len, long long int value);
+Promise   *LabelList_GetLabel(LabelList *list, const char *name, size_t name_len);
+size_t     LabelList_GetUnresolvedCount(LabelList *list);
+#endif /* LABELLIST_H */

src/libnoja/utils/promise.c

@@ -71,9 +71,15 @@ unsigned int Promise_Size(Promise *promise)
 	return promise->size;
 }
 
+_Bool Promise_hasResolved(Promise *promise)
+{
+	return promise->set;
+}
+
 void Promise_Free(Promise *promise)
 {
-	assert(promise->set == 1);
+	(void) promise;
+	//assert(promise->set == 1);
 }
 
 void Promise_Resolve(Promise *promise, const void *data, int size)

src/libnoja/utils/promise.h

@@ -38,4 +38,5 @@ void		 Promise_Free(Promise *promise);
 void		 Promise_Resolve(Promise *promise, const void *data, int size);
 _Bool 		 Promise_Subscribe(Promise *promise, void *dest);
 _Bool 		 Promise_Subscribe2(Promise *promise, void *dest, void *userp, void (*callback)(void*));
+_Bool         Promise_hasResolved(Promise *promise);
 #endif

src/main.c

@@ -32,10 +32,7 @@
 #include <string.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
-#include "compiler/parse.h"
-#include "compiler/compile.h"
-#include "runtime/runtime.h"
-#include "builtins/basic.h"
+#include "libnoja/noja.h"
 
 static const char usage[] = 
 	"Usage patterns:\n"
@@ -44,242 +41,6 @@ static const char usage[] =
 	"    $ noja dis file.noja\n"
 	"    $ noja dis inline \"print('some noja code');\"\n";
 
-static void print_error(const char *type, Error *error)
-{
-	if(type == NULL)
-		fprintf(stderr, "Error");
-	else if(error->internal)
-		fprintf(stderr, "Internal Error");
-	else
-		fprintf(stderr, "%s Error", type);
-
-	fprintf(stderr, ": %s.", error->message);
-
-#ifdef DEBUG
-	if(error->file != NULL)
-	{
-		if(error->line > 0 && error->func != NULL)
-			fprintf(stderr, " (Reported in %s:%d in %s)", error->file, error->line, error->func);
-		else if(error->line > 0 && error->func == NULL)
-			fprintf(stderr, " (Reported in %s:%d)", error->file, error->line);
-		else if(error->line < 1 && error->func != NULL)
-			fprintf(stderr, " (Reported in %s in %s)", error->file, error->func);
-	}
-#endif
-	
-	fprintf(stderr, "\n");
-}
-
-static Executable *build(Source *src)
-{
-	Executable *exe;
-	
-	// Create a bump-pointer allocator to hold the AST.
-	BPAlloc *alloc = BPAlloc_Init(-1);
-
-	if(alloc == NULL)
-	{
-		fprintf(stderr, "Internal Error: Couldn't allocate bump-pointer allocator to hold the AST.\n");
-		return 0;
-	}
-
-	Error error;
-	Error_Init(&error);
-
-	// NOTE: The AST is stored in the BPAlloc. It's
-	//       lifetime is the same as the pool.
-	AST *ast = parse(src, alloc, &error);
-
-	if(ast == NULL)
-	{
-		assert(error.occurred);
-		print_error("Parsing", &error);
-		Error_Free(&error);
-		BPAlloc_Free(alloc);
-		return 0;
-	}
-	
-	exe = compile(ast, alloc, &error);
-
-	// We're done with the AST, independently from
-	// the compilation result.
-	BPAlloc_Free(alloc);
-
-	if(exe == NULL)
-	{
-		assert(error.occurred);
-		print_error("Compilation", &error);
-		Error_Free(&error);
-		return 0;
-	}
-
-	return exe;
-}
-
-static _Bool interpret(Source *src)
-{
-	Executable *exe = build(src);
-
-	if(exe == NULL)
-		return 0;
-
-	Runtime *runt = Runtime_New(-1, 1024*1024, NULL, NULL);
-
-	if(runt == NULL)
-	{
-		Error error;
-		Error_Init(&error);
-		Error_Report(&error, 1, "Couldn't initialize runtime");
-		print_error(NULL, &error);
-		Error_Free(&error);
-		Executable_Free(exe);
-		return 0;
-	}
-
-	// We use a [RuntimeError] instead of a simple [Error]
-	// because the [RuntimeError] makes a snapshot of the
-	// runtime state when an error is reported. Other than
-	// this fact they are interchangable. Any function that
-	// expects a pointer to [Error] can receive a [RuntimeError]
-	// upcasted to [Error].
-	RuntimeError error;
-	RuntimeError_Init(&error, runt); // Here we specify the runtime to snapshot in case of failure.
-	
-	Object *bins = Object_NewStaticMap(bins_basic, runt, (Error*) &error);
-
-	if(bins == NULL)
-	{
-		assert(error.base.occurred == 1);
-		print_error(NULL, (Error*) &error);
-		RuntimeError_Free(&error);
-		Executable_Free(exe);
-		Runtime_Free(runt);
-		return 0;
-	}
-
-	Runtime_SetBuiltins(runt, bins);
-
-	Object *rets[8];
-	unsigned int maxretc = sizeof(rets)/sizeof(rets[0]);
-
-	int retc = run(runt, (Error*) &error, exe, 0, NULL, NULL, 0, rets, maxretc);
-
-	// NOTE: The pointer to the builtins object is invalidated
-	//       now because it may be moved by the garbage collector.
-
-	if(retc < 0)
-	{
-		print_error("Runtime", (Error*) &error);
-
-		if(error.snapshot == NULL)
-			fprintf(stderr, "No snapshot available.\n");
-		else
-			Snapshot_Print(error.snapshot, stderr);
-
-		RuntimeError_Free(&error);
-	}
-
-	Runtime_Free(runt);
-	Executable_Free(exe);
-
-	return retc > -1;
-}
-
-static _Bool disassemble(Source *src)
-{
-	Executable *exe = build(src);
-
-	if(exe == NULL)
-		return 0;
-
-	Executable_Dump(exe);
-	return 1;
-}
-
-static _Bool interpret_file(const char *file)
-{
-	Error error;
-	Error_Init(&error);
-	
-	Source *src = Source_FromFile(file, &error);
-
-	if(src == NULL)
-	{
-		assert(error.occurred == 1);
-		print_error(NULL, &error);
-		Error_Free(&error);
-		return 0;
-	}
-
-	_Bool r = interpret(src);
-
-	Source_Free(src);
-	return r;
-}
-
-static _Bool interpret_code(const char *code)
-{
-	Error error;
-	Error_Init(&error);
-	
-	Source *src = Source_FromString(NULL, code, -1, &error);
-
-	if(src == NULL)
-	{
-		assert(error.occurred);
-		print_error(NULL, &error);
-		Error_Free(&error);
-		return 0;
-	}
-
-	_Bool r = interpret(src);
-
-	Source_Free(src);
-	return r;
-}
-
-static _Bool disassemble_file(const char *file)
-{
-	Error error;
-	Error_Init(&error);
-	
-	Source *src = Source_FromFile(file, &error);
-
-	if(src == NULL)
-	{
-		assert(error.occurred == 1);
-		print_error(NULL, &error);
-		Error_Free(&error);
-		return 0;
-	}
-
-	_Bool r = disassemble(src);
-
-	Source_Free(src);
-	return r;
-}
-
-static _Bool disassemble_code(const char *code)
-{
-	Error error;
-	Error_Init(&error);
-	
-	Source *src = Source_FromString(NULL, code, -1, &error);
-
-	if(src == NULL)
-	{
-		assert(error.occurred);
-		print_error(NULL, &error);
-		Error_Free(&error);
-		return 0;
-	}
-
-	_Bool r = disassemble(src);
-
-	Source_Free(src);
-	return r;
-}
-
 int main(int argc, char **argv)
 {
 	assert(argc > 0);
@@ -294,14 +55,9 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 
 	if(!strcmp(argv[1], "run"))
 	{
-		Error error;
-		Error_Init(&error);
-		
 		if(argc == 2)
 		{
-			Error_Report(&error, 0, "Missing source file");
-			print_error(NULL, &error);
-			Error_Free(&error);
+			fprintf(stderr, "Error: Missing source file.\n");
 			return -1;
 		}
 
@@ -311,28 +67,21 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 		{
 			if(argc == 3)
 			{
-				Error_Report(&error, 0, "Missing source string");
-				print_error(NULL, &error);
-				Error_Free(&error);
+				fprintf(stderr, "Error: Missing source string.\n");
 				return -1;
 			}
-			r = interpret_code(argv[3]);
+			r = NOJA_runString(argv[3]);
 		}
 		else
-			r = interpret_file(argv[2]);
+			r = NOJA_runFile(argv[2]);
 		return r ? 0 : -1;
 	}
 	
 	if(!strcmp(argv[1], "dis"))
 	{
-		Error error;
-		Error_Init(&error);
-			
 		if(argc == 2)
 		{
-			Error_Report(&error, 0, "Missing source file");
-			print_error(NULL, &error);
-			Error_Free(&error);
+			fprintf(stderr, "Error: Missing source file.\n");
 			return -1;
 		}
 
@@ -342,16 +91,14 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 		{
 			if(argc == 3)
 			{
-				Error_Report(&error, 0, "Missing source string");
-				print_error(NULL, &error);
-				Error_Free(&error);
+				fprintf(stderr, "Error: Missing source string.\n");
 				return -1;
 			}
 
-			r = disassemble_code(argv[3]);
+			r = NOJA_dumpStringBytecode(argv[3]);
 		}
 		else
-			r = disassemble_file(argv[2]);
+			r = NOJA_dumpFileBytecode(argv[2]);
 		return r ? 0 : -1;
 	}
 

tests/assembler_fuzz_seeds/1.njasm

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+ADD

tests/assembler_fuzz_seeds/2.njasm

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+0: PUSHLST 4 
+1: PUSHINT 0 
+2: PUSHINT 1 
+3: INSERT 
+4: PUSHINT 1 
+5: PUSHINT 2 
+6: INSERT 
+7: PUSHINT 2 
+8: PUSHINT 3 
+9: INSERT 
+10: PUSHINT 3 
+11: PUSHINT 4 
+12: INSERT 
+13: ASS [l] 
+14: POP 1 
+15: PUSHSTR [ items.
+] 
+16: PUSHVAR [l] 
+17: PUSHVAR [count] 
+18: CALL 1 1 
+19: PUSHSTR [The list contains ] 
+20: PUSHVAR [print] 
+21: CALL 3 1 
+22: POP 1 
+23: PUSHSTR [.
+] 
+24: PUSHVAR [l] 
+25: PUSHSTR [The list is: ] 
+26: PUSHVAR [print] 
+27: CALL 3 1 
+28: POP 1 
+29: RETURN 0

tests/assembler_fuzz_seeds/3.njasm

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+MUL

tests/assembler_fuzz_seeds/4.njasm

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+NOPE

tests/assembler_test.c

@@ -0,0 +1,289 @@
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <stdbool.h>
+#include "../src/utils/bpalloc.h"
+#include "../src/assembler/assembler.h"
+
+static void stopTesting_(const char *file, int line)
+{
+    fprintf(stderr, "\n%s:%d :: Failed to set up test environment\n", file, line);
+    abort();
+}
+#define stopTestingIf(exp)                    \
+    do {                                      \
+        if(exp) {                             \
+            stopTesting_(__FILE__, __LINE__); \
+        }                                     \
+    } while(0);
+
+static void testCase(int line, bool exp, const char *msg)
+{
+    if(exp == false)
+        fprintf(stdout, "Test case failed (line %d) :: %s\n", line, msg);
+    else
+        fprintf(stdout, "Test case passed (line %d)\n", line);
+}
+
+typedef struct {
+    Opcode opcode;
+    int operand_count;
+    Operand *operands;
+} StaticInstruction;
+
+typedef struct {
+    int instr_count;
+    StaticInstruction *instr_list;
+} StaticExecutable;
+
+static Executable *buildExpectedExecutable(BPAlloc *alloc, StaticExecutable *static_exp_exe)
+{
+    ExeBuilder *builder = ExeBuilder_New(alloc);
+    stopTestingIf(builder == NULL);
+
+    Error error;
+    Error_Init(&error);
+    for(int i = 0; i < static_exp_exe->instr_count; i += 1) {
+        StaticInstruction instr = static_exp_exe->instr_list[i];
+        bool ok = ExeBuilder_Append(builder, &error, instr.opcode, instr.operands, instr.operand_count, -1, -1);
+        stopTestingIf(ok == false);
+    }
+
+    Executable *exe = ExeBuilder_Finalize(builder, &error);
+    stopTestingIf(exe == NULL);
+
+    Error_Free(&error);
+    return exe;
+}
+
+int main()
+{
+    struct {
+        int line;
+        bool fail;
+        const char *text;
+        StaticExecutable expected;
+    } tests[] = {
+
+        // Test the assembly of an empty string
+        // into an executable with no instructions.
+        {
+            .line = __LINE__,
+            .text = "",
+            .fail = false,
+            .expected = (StaticExecutable) {
+                .instr_count = 0,
+                .instr_list = NULL,
+            },
+        },
+
+        // Test the assembly of the simplest
+        // executable possible
+        {
+            .line = __LINE__,
+            .text = "POS",
+            .fail = false,
+            .expected = (StaticExecutable) {
+                .instr_count = 1,
+                .instr_list = (StaticInstruction[]) {
+                    {
+                        .opcode = OPCODE_POS,
+                        .operands = NULL,
+                        .operand_count = 0,
+                    }
+                },
+            },
+        },
+
+        // Invalid opcode
+        {
+            .line = __LINE__,
+            .text = "GUCCI",
+            .fail = true,
+        },
+
+        // Label but no opcode
+        {
+            .line = __LINE__,
+            .text = "label:",
+            .fail = true,
+        },
+
+        // Basic executable with a label
+        {
+            .line = __LINE__,
+            .text = "label: POS",
+            .fail = false,
+            .expected = (StaticExecutable) {
+                .instr_count = 1,
+                .instr_list = (StaticInstruction[]) {
+                    {
+                        .opcode = OPCODE_POS,
+                        .operands = NULL,
+                        .operand_count = 0,
+                    }
+                },
+            },
+        },
+
+        {
+            .line = __LINE__,
+            .text = "  label  :  POS  ",
+            .fail = false,
+            .expected = (StaticExecutable) {
+                .instr_count = 1,
+                .instr_list = (StaticInstruction[]) {
+                    {
+                        .opcode = OPCODE_POS,
+                        .operands = NULL,
+                        .operand_count = 0,
+                    }
+                },
+            },
+        },
+
+        {
+            .line = __LINE__,
+            .text = "  label  :  POS  ;  ",
+            .fail = false,
+            .expected = (StaticExecutable) {
+                .instr_count = 1,
+                .instr_list = (StaticInstruction[]) {
+                    {
+                        .opcode = OPCODE_POS,
+                        .operands = NULL,
+                        .operand_count = 0,
+                    }
+                },
+            },
+        },
+
+        {
+            .line = __LINE__,
+            .text = "  label0  :  POS  ;  "
+                    "  label1  :  NEG  ;  ",
+            .fail = false,
+            .expected = (StaticExecutable) {
+                .instr_count = 2,
+                .instr_list = (StaticInstruction[]) {
+                    {
+                        .opcode = OPCODE_POS,
+                        .operands = NULL,
+                        .operand_count = 0,
+                    },
+                    {
+                        .opcode = OPCODE_NEG,
+                        .operands = NULL,
+                        .operand_count = 0,
+                    },
+                },
+            },
+        },
+
+        {
+            .line = __LINE__,
+            .text = "  label0  :  POS  ;  "
+                    "  label1  :  NEG  ",
+            .fail = false,
+            .expected = (StaticExecutable) {
+                .instr_count = 2,
+                .instr_list = (StaticInstruction[]) {
+                    {
+                        .opcode = OPCODE_POS,
+                        .operands = NULL,
+                        .operand_count = 0,
+                    },
+                    {
+                        .opcode = OPCODE_NEG,
+                        .operands = NULL,
+                        .operand_count = 0,
+                    },
+                },
+            },
+        },
+
+        {
+            .line = __LINE__,
+            .text = "             POS  ;  "
+                    "  label1  :  NEG  ",
+            .fail = false,
+            .expected = (StaticExecutable) {
+                .instr_count = 2,
+                .instr_list = (StaticInstruction[]) {
+                    {
+                        .opcode = OPCODE_POS,
+                        .operands = NULL,
+                        .operand_count = 0,
+                    },
+                    {
+                        .opcode = OPCODE_NEG,
+                        .operands = NULL,
+                        .operand_count = 0,
+                    },
+                },
+            },
+        },
+
+        {
+            .line = __LINE__,
+            .text = "  label0  :  POS  ;  "
+                    "             NEG  ",
+            .fail = false,
+            .expected = (StaticExecutable) {
+                .instr_count = 2,
+                .instr_list = (StaticInstruction[]) {
+                    {
+                        .opcode = OPCODE_POS,
+                        .operands = NULL,
+                        .operand_count = 0,
+                    },
+                    {
+                        .opcode = OPCODE_NEG,
+                        .operands = NULL,
+                        .operand_count = 0,
+                    },
+                },
+            },
+        },
+    };
+
+    Error error;
+    char pool[4096];
+
+    for(size_t i = 0; i < sizeof(tests)/sizeof(tests[0]); i += 1) {
+
+        // Use an allocator backed by a static
+        // buffer to avoid reallocating a pool
+        // for each test.
+        BPAlloc *alloc = BPAlloc_Init3(pool, sizeof(pool), -1, NULL, NULL, NULL);
+        stopTestingIf(alloc == NULL);
+
+        Error_Init(&error);
+
+        Source *src = Source_FromString(NULL, tests[i].text, -1, &error);
+        stopTestingIf(src == NULL);
+
+        Executable *got_exe = assemble(src, &error);
+        
+        if(tests[i].fail == true) {
+            testCase(tests[i].line, got_exe == NULL, "Managed to assemble an invalid source");
+        } else {
+            Executable *exp_exe = buildExpectedExecutable(alloc, &tests[i].expected);
+
+            testCase(tests[i].line, got_exe != NULL, "Failed to assemble a valid source");
+/*
+            fprintf(stderr, "== Generated ==\n");
+            Executable_Dump(got_exe);
+            fprintf(stderr, "\n");
+            fprintf(stderr, "== Expected ==\n");
+            Executable_Dump(exp_exe);
+*/
+            testCase(tests[i].line, Executable_Equiv(got_exe, exp_exe, stderr, "Executable diff :: "), "Invalid assemblation result");
+
+            Executable_Free(got_exe);
+            Executable_Free(exp_exe);
+        }
+        Source_Free(src);
+        Error_Free(&error);
+        BPAlloc_Free(alloc);
+    }
+    return 0;
+}